September 13, 2026
/Do you all know the idiom, seeing red? It's a fairly common turn of phrase in our culture and society today, and it's actually one of the few idioms that we have in English that is, as far as I can tell, exclusively American in origin.
A lot of the turns of phrase and idioms we have come from Europe or come from other cultures that predate our usage of English in the United States. But seeing red dates to somewhere in the early 1900s, and as best as folks can tell, it relates actually to bullfighting in Spain. It's an image of the bull seeing the red sash of the matador, or his capote, the cape that, you know, twirls around. But it's actually kind of an irony because bulls are colorblind. They don't actually see red. What they are reacting to or responding to is the movement of the cape, the movement of the matador in the bull ring.
But this irrationality is in a way kind of sensible to the idiom. When we are victims of violation, when we have been hurt or sinned against, sometimes all we see is red, even if it's an irrational red. We get irrationally angry and upset. Things don't make sense. It is often because it is not just about that specific violation, but that that violation or that moment of sin against us triggers the hurt. The layers of pain. The layers of other sorrows that are wrapped up in that moment of violation. And so this image of seeing red, even if we don't physically see red, even if we're reacting to something other than color, we still have this anger, this hurt, this violation.
Fifteen years ago, September 11th was on a Sunday, a Sunday just like this one. And I more distinctly remember the next day, that Monday morning. I was working at the time at a counseling center in North Little Rock, Arkansas. It was an old kind of Victorian house. And that Monday morning, before our clients arrived, I sat out on the porch having a cup of coffee with one of my fellow therapists, a woman named Diane. And we were talking about what at that time was the 10th anniversary of the September 11th attacks. This counseling agency and the majority of the work we did was with military personnel. Folks immediately and directly impacted by everything that had happened in the years after 9/11.
And it wasn't just, as we talked about it, the death of those 2,977 people on that day. As we talked about the impact that that moment had had on all of the people we work with, the society that we live in at large, Diane and I were realizing and reflecting on how that moment of 9/11 was so much more of a violation. It was a violation of the security and safety we thought we had. The violation of this kind of late 90s idealism we had in the United States. We seemed to be on this upward trajectory. Our economy was doing well. We had this very prominent and impactful role in the international community. We seemed to be in this moment of ascendance.
And all of that came crashing down in the moment of that great tragedy on 9/11. And I want to be careful what I say here. It's not so much that our anger and pain in that moment was irrational, but it was so much larger than just what happened on that day. The violation was so much greater than just the tragedy of that loss of life.
And in some significant ways, this truth lies at the heart of Jesus' admonition to us today in our gospel lesson. Peter's question here is a rather straightforward one. But Jesus immediately jumps to the irrational. Let me explain what I mean.
If we remember back to last week, especially last week when I kind of expanded the scope of what we were reading back to the beginning of chapter 18, this whole discussion began with this question of who is the greatest in the kingdom of God, and Jesus turned that on its head. He spoke about the faith of innocence and the profound witness of children. And then he moved into the actual reading we had where he gave this rather clear and straightforward instruction. This very sensible and principled path to address conflict when it arises. Start with the one-on-one admonishment and then build from there only if necessary.
And Peter's question today kind of builds from that moment. Okay, Jesus, you have given us this very clear framework for addressing conflict. Now, what are we to do about forgiveness? And Jesus seems in this moment to instantly read Peter's mind. Peter's initial suggestion of seven times is very law-abiding. That is in relationship to Torah law, to Mosaic law. Peter is essentially saying, okay, Jesus, you have told me how to address conflict. Now, how long do I have to do that before I can write someone off? How long do I have to wait before I can cast them out of my life, to reject them for the thing that they have done against me?
And here is the first irrationality. Jesus says 77 times 7. That is 539 times of forgiveness, which is not strictly what he's saying. He's not telling Peter, you know, keep a tally, and when you hit that mark, then you're in the clear. No, what he's saying in a metaphorical sense here is you forgive indefinitely. You forgive forever. And that's really tough.
But it gets even worse. Jesus then tells this parable about this wicked servant who has amassed an incalculable debt. A talent was a weight of silver, about 80 pounds worth of silver. And I read one commentator who suggested that 10,000 talents was more than the entire yearly financial output of Rome in the time of Jesus. So, like 77 times 7, this is a metaphor to say that the slave owed an infinite debt that could never be paid off. There was just no way in any lifetime or multiple lifetimes that this could have ever been reconciled.
And yet in this moment, we have a second irrationality. That the landowner forgives this incalculable debt. That this debt of multiple lifetimes of ownership is forgiven. The slave is redeemed by the compassionate forgiveness of the landowner.
And this is irrational because it's clear that this slave does not deserve this kindness. His immediate attitude probably speaks to a personality that was well known. He was probably an irascible, incorrigible character who treated everyone terribly. And we see this. We see this immediately. Because he turns around and abusively treats a debtor of his own who owes something like three months' worth of wages.
This guy owes an infinite debt, a debt that could never be paid off, and the person that owes him owes him something like three months of wages. An infinitesimal amount of money.
In some ways, this character of this wicked slave is not terribly unlike the story we have from Genesis with Joseph today. Because his brothers completely concoct this narrative. We don't really see that in the reading we have. But if we go back and look at Genesis more broadly, there's never a moment in Jacob or Israel's life as he is drawing closer to death where he explicitly says what the brothers say he says. It is as if they get together after he has died, after Jacob has died, and said, "Okay, we are now fearing what Joseph might do to us, so let us tell him this story, let us lie to him about what our father has promised, so that he might have mercy on us."
And it seems very clear throughout the whole of the Genesis narrative about Joseph that he is a very astute and shrewd man. He is very, very aware of what's going on. And I have to but wonder if he hears this narrative and immediately in his mind, kind of like this landowner says, "Yeah, yeah, yeah, of course, of course our father said that." But he doesn't call his brothers to account. He doesn't call them out on their deceptiveness. He forgives.
He forgives even when they are continuing to violate this covenant of brotherhood, as they are continuing to lie to him and not be straightforward.
But both of these narratives, of this wicked slave and of the brothers of Joseph here, speak to something more profound. And it's not something Jesus explicitly says, but it comes out of his admonition here. It is the detachment of forgiveness from consequence. And I think this is something we, in our society, very frequently wrestle with. Because we see the two necessarily having to go together.
And what I mean by that is that I think this is something that many of us often struggle with on both sides of this equation. Whether we are the one who has been sinned against or violated, whether we are the perpetrator or the violator—because like Joseph's brothers, sometimes that violation, when we are the perpetrators, continues to gnaw at us. It was 17 years—17 years Jacob lived in Egypt with Joseph. 17 years that the family had been reunited and lived together. And yet even at the end of that time, they were still fearful of their lives. They still wrestled with the sin of what they had done to their brother. It had continued to eat away at them.
But what we hear today is that this forgiveness is not simply saying, "I have been violated and I'm going to let bygones be bygones." But to say, "I forgive you. I honor and respect the dignity of your personhood. But there's still going to be some level of accountability." The brothers still served Joseph in Egypt. They still had this position of restitution, of working under him to repair that relationship. But it was restitution born of a reconciling act. They still dealt with the consequences of their actions, even as they were forgiven and restored in their humanity.
Back where I began with this image of seeing red, when we get fixated on the violation and often lose sight of this important nuancing that Jesus calls us into. This careful and humane way that Jesus calls us into full and honest relationship with each other.
I reflected as I was preparing for the sermon today on how impossible that can often seem. Like many points in Jesus's life and ministry, it feels aspirational, a nice idea, but out of reach for us, for lived human experience, for our everyday lives, and the reality of pain and hurt that we suffer or that we inflict on each other.
But I want to end on a powerful, life-transforming example of how this actually does manifest. As out of reach as this may seem, there are powerful witnesses to this kind of reconciliation that live among us.
As you all have seen in the communications, is Julian Steele Musser. And his middle name is in honor of a man that Julie and I met when we first joined the Episcopal Church in Arkansas, a man named Marion Steele Hayes. And like us, he had actually grown up in the Southern Baptist Church, and he had married one of the first female priests in all of the South. But he was an Arkansas Supreme Court justice. By the time we knew him, he was retired. But one of his principal legacies as a Supreme Court justice in Arkansas was his steadfast and committed opposition to the death penalty.
And that connected with us deeply in our own experience, but especially for me personally, because when we joined St. Peter's, I was working at that time as the religious outreach director for the Arkansas Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. And Judge Hayes and I spent long hours discussing the challenges and the difficulties of working towards that goal of abolishing this system of death in our country because of the reality of pain and hurt and violation that so often underlies it.
But one of the realities that he and I often also shared in was the transforming witness of those who have been violated. There's a powerful national organization that was very active in Arkansas called MVFR: Murder Victims Families for Reconciliation. These were the family members of people who had been killed, who had been murdered, who had been violated in the most severe way. Their humanity had been destroyed in an act of death. And yet these family members sought not more death, but reconciliation and restitution. They sought what is often referred to as restorative justice.
And I love that word because justice is still on the table. Justice is still at hand. The consequences of actions are still acknowledged. But it is consequence with the aim of restoration. Consequence with the aim of restored dignity.
And one of the most profound examples that I have ever come across of this is a woman named Charlotte Evans. She came a couple of times to Arkansas to tell her story. Her son was murdered at five years old, just out playing in the street, by a 15-year-old kid named Raymond Johnson, who was being stupid, who was wrapped up in the wrong affairs, running with the wrong crowd, and had shot a gun out of a car in an attempted drive-by shooting.
And Charlotte, in the process of the trial, in the process of dealing with the loss of her child, had this moment of superhuman, divine strength, in which she said to Raymond, "I have lost a son. But I forgive you and I adopt you. You are now my son."
And in his arrogance as a 15-year-old thinking that he knew how the world worked, he didn't respond to her. He didn't acknowledge that reality. And he went off to prison. He was actually sentenced as an adult and sentenced to life imprisonment.
And about 10 years later, as a young 20-something, he reached back out to her and he said, "I need a mother. I am broken and I need what you offer."
And they developed a relationship. They found a place of restoration. And he continued to suffer the consequences of his actions. He continued to serve that prison sentence. But Charlotte, in this divinely inspired strength, was able to see the dignity of his personhood. Able to see the potential of a reconciled and renewed relationship.
And I think it is so very fitting today that we have these readings this year with this proximity to an act that was so violating for us as a nation and a country. Because it brings us into mind of what this true and total transformation can look like. How it is that we might live ever more fully into a call of renewed and restored relationship.
And it's renewed and restored relationship with honesty, with transparency, with the recognition of consequence, but ultimately with the real and true profound power of recognizing that every single one of us, even the most deranged, despicable, hurtful person in the world, is a person made in the image of God. Someone with their own power to be transformed and renewed. A person who deserves compassion and love. A person who deserves forgiveness.
And sometimes we find in ourselves those places of brokenness. Where we wrestle. To reconcile ourselves. Or to be reconciled to the ones that we have hurt. And in this moment, we hear in this admonition from Jesus, this promise from God, that we can be reconciled. Even as we reconcile with those who have hurt us.
And as we say every single Sunday in the Lord's Prayer, "Forgive us our sins as we forgive those who sin against us." We have a profound moment today to not just say that, but to really and truly reflect on the depth of what that means. To wrestle with the challenge and the difficulty of living that and embodying it, but also hearing in the words of our Savior the promise that that transformation can have, the promise of what that reconciliation can look like.
And so may we be strengthened today on either side of that equation to be reconciled and to reconcile, that we may ever more fully live into the heart and the life of God that He is calling us into in each and every moment.
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
